Faucet



G. w. COOKE mmm Filed April 1e, 1922 Patented en. 9, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE W'INTHROP COOKE, OF JAMAICA, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GEORGE W. COOKE CO'., INC., OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

FAUCET.

Appcation filed April 18, 1922. Serial No. 555,145.

To alt ywlw/1t t 91mg/ concer/n Be it known that I, Gnonen lVIN'rHRor Coonn, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city of Jamaica, in the county of Queens, in the State of New York, have invented a new and useful Faucet, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to faucets.

The principal object of this invention is the production of satisfactory faucets at a minimum cost.

Other objects and advantages will appear as the description of the particular physical embodiment selected to illustrate the invention progresses, and the novel features of the invention will be particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

At the present time, fluids such as oils are being transported about this country and exported to foreign countries in barrels or barrel like containers. It has been found unprotable and undesirable by the shippers to receive back the emptied barrels or containers, and consequently they generally now refuse to so do.

For reasons unnecessary to mention, it has been found desirable for each barrel or container to be supplied with a faucet for the convenience of the receiver in withdrawing the contents thereof. It is quite obvious that the faucet should not and practically cannot be shipped with the barrel or container in place, that is, projecting from the barrel or container in the position which would be most desirable or suitable for use in emptying the barrel of its contents. It is obvious, recalling to mind the proper position and best arrangement of such a faucet in place, that it would project from the barrel or container in such wise as to seriously interfere with the maximum use. of the ship ping space by keeping the barrels too far apart and, furthermore, would be subject to being broken olf when moving the barrels or containers about.

In order then, to supply a faucet shipped with the barrel, it appears most convenient and desirable to ship the faucet inside of the barrel, but in such a manner that it may be readily and conveniently removed and placed in position for withdrawing the contents of the barrel. Furthermore, as the faucet like the barrel is not returnable to the shipper, it is necessary that all of the instrumentalities employed in holding the faucet in proper place in the barrel, including the faucet, be simple, inexpensive and easy to manipulate to withdraw the faucet from the barrel and place it in position to withdraw the contents thereof.

Applicants faucet together with the instrumentalities employed therewith were devised and invented with the object in view of satisfactorily satisfying the conditions to be met with as outlined hereinbefore.

In describing the invention in detail, and the particular physical embodiment selected to illustrate the invention, reference is had to the accompanying drawing, wherein I have illustrated a particular preferred physical embodiment of the invention, and some appropriate variations thereof, and wherein like characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughout the several views, and in which:

Figure l is a longitudinal sectional view of my faucet on the plane indicated by the line I-'I of Fig. 3; Fig. 2, is a plan view of my faucet; Fig. 3, is a left-hand end view of the faucet shown by Fig. 2; Fig. 4, is a transverse sectional view on the plane indicated by the line IV-IV of Fig. l; Fig. 5,`is a view similar to Fig. l, but with the faucet, opened, in the position for allowing liquid to flow therethrough; Fig. G, is v a view of a conventional container with my faucet in place therein in position for shipping; hand end view of Fig. 6; Fig. 8, is another view of the same arrangement as shown by Fig. 7, is a fragmentary rightJ Fig. 6, except that the barrel has been prepared so that the contents thereof may be emptied by means of my faucet.

Referring particularly to Figs. l to 5 inclusive, B designates the body or shell of my faucet. rllhis shell is forn'ied with a bore l.- of one diameter and a bore 2 of larger diam eter. yFach `bore communicates with the other at one end thereof and each is open at the other end. The right hand end of bore l, as viewed in Fig. l, is intended to communicate with the body lof fluid or oil in the barrel or container and the left hand l is reduced in external diameter, as at 4; this.

saves material and better allows the formation of the periphery as a hexagon nut, as at 5, thus providing a proper and convenient means forv the application of a wrench to screw the faucet into a barrel or container as will hereinafter be more fully described.

The body B on the right hand end as 'viewed in Fig. l, has a thread formed on i-ts external surface for a distance roughly equal to. the external diameter at that point. This external diameter at this point being approximately equal to the external diameter of the reduced portion a.

By reducing the external diameter of the body on both sides of the hexagon nut 5, material is saved, the hexagon nut is made to stand out from the body B', of the faucet, so Athata Wrench is more conveniently applied and the surface 7, of the nut will serve to prevent leakage if the faucet is screwed into a threaded hole which is so large that the externally threaded portion 6 enters completely therein, Without becoming tight, because in such case, by forcing the surface 7 against the surface of the container, a tight joint therebetween is formed sullicient to prevent the leakage of fluid from the container around the threads 6.

lVithin the bore l, of the body B, at the righthand end thereof, for a distance about equal to the internal diameter of the bore l, an internal thread S, is formed for a purpose to be hereinafter more fully described. This internal thread having a diameter, at the bottom of the thread, not greater than the diameter of bore l.

An orifice 9 is formed in the body B. This orifice is of a diameter at least equal to the diameter of the internal bore l at the threaded end and preferably, as shown in the drawing', slightly larger. By having the diameter of the orifice of the size mentioned all fluid which runs into the bore l even if under the slight head of the fluid in a full container of the size of an ordinary oil barrel, will so freely pass through orilice 9, that there Will be no pronounced tendency for the oil to accumulate in bore 2 and tend to flow out around cap 3, although as hereinafter described, even if this tendency exists, the effect will be nulliied.

The body l5, at the lefthand end as viewed in Fig. l, has formed, preferably integral, th erewith,pins or projections, as 10, at diametrically opposite points on the eX- ternal periphery of the larger portion of body B, one only of which appears. These pins serve as a retaining means for cap 8, which is suitably formed with` the bayonet joint groove 11, for coaction with the pins 10.

As bore 1 is smaller than bore 2, a shoulder is formed at l2, which forms a seat for a plunger to be hereinafterdescribed.

i-ltdjacent the shoulder 12, upon the internal surface of bore 2, is formed a thread 13, which serves to coact with another member to be hereinafter described to hold a plunger firmly against seat l2. The diameter at the bottom or root ol the thread t3 is not greater than the diameter of bore L.

The body B, as hereinbefore described, is as is evident, so formed that it may be die :ast as a single unitary body. lVhen taken from thc die, its cross section would be just as shown in Fig. l, including the pins, as l0, no machining whatsoever being necessary. As die casting when compared to machine work is a relatively inexpensive method of forming an article, ajiplicant is conseipiently enabled to produce the unitary body ll at a comparatively small cost.

lt should be particularly noted that applicant has by his construction enabled a solid core to he used to form the bores l and 2 and the threads therein by making thc diameter of the bottom of the threads not greater than the diameter of the bore in which they occur.

ln order to make the body ll by die Aasting, it is necessary to select a material of suitable melting' point which will also have the necessary properties to serve as a faucet.

Applicant has discovered that a most appropriate material for this purpose is an alloy ot lead. antimony, copper and tin and the preferable composition is 70 per centuln of lead, 2() per centnm of antimony, 5 per centum of copper and 5 per centum of tin. This alloy has been discovered to have the necessary hardness duc to the antimony; the necessary tenacity due to the copper and the necessary fluidity and sharpness running in the mold due to the tin and the lead forms a suitable body. This alloy .further forms a faucet which is not corroded by oils or ordinary.' lluids and has sul'licicnt duetility approxiniatingv that of lead. so that the body when screwed into a threaded hole as by thread (l, forms its own gasket, so to speak. that is a comparatively slight rotative force on hexagon nut 5, causes the threads 6 to so tighten against the threads of the body into which they are beingl screwed that a 'l'iuid tight joint is formed and this can be usually accomplished even by the force exerted by the hand alone on hexagon uut 5 so that a wrench is not always absolutely necessary. Furtl'ier, when in use` the orilee 9 should point downwardly. l t the body l. were made of a metal such as say. cast iron, then it might well happen that the threads G would come to a tight lit in the barrel threads with the orifice 9 pointing in some direction other than downwardly, in such case it would be necessary, as is well under stood, to continue turning body B. until orifice 9 points downwardly. but to do this an inordinate force would be required, in some cases quite impossible to apply. dien ill) 4llill 'I my (itl applicants faucet is used, however, this difficulty is of no moment because, due to the ductility of the alloy of which the body is composed, the body may very easily be rotated even a whole turn after it has come to a close and Huid tight lit in the body into which it is being screwed, so that the orice 9 may easily be positioned as desired.

In order to permit or restrain the flow of liuid from bore 1, to bore 2 and thus to orifice t). l' employ a plunger l?. This plunger includes a valve closure body portion 14, formed with external threads 15, properly engageable with internal threads 13, formed ou the body. By suitably rotating body portion 14, it is moved backwardly and forwardly in the bore 2. In order to effect this rotation a plunger handle H is attached to body portion 14. `When the plunger P is rmi-ated so as to move bodily to the right as viewed in F ig. 1, it abuts the shoulder or 12, thereby restraining a fiow of fluid from bore 1 to bore 2. In order that a fluid tight contact between plunger P and seat 12 will be formed, I. prefer to face the plunger P with a resilient washer, disc or gasket 16. and l. have found that leather is a suitable material of which toform the gasket, as many of the other materials commonly used as aids to fluid tight contacting surfaces are disintegrated and destroyed by fluids such as oils, but leather on the other hand merely rendered properly soft and pliable, thus increasing its efiicacy as a means for securing a fluid tight joint. l

The body portion 14 ot the plunger P is made of exactly the same alloy as that used to make body B and .it is formed together with the threads by die casting. The handle Vlll is formed with ears 17 and the alloy is cast about the ends of the handle bearing the ears so that a thoroughly trustworthy and reliable connection is made between the handle H and the plunger' P.

lWhen the body portion 1e of plunger P is die cast a cavity 18 is formed in one face. This caifity is for the reception of a screw 19 which is the means preferably used by me to hold gasket 1G in place. I form no thread in cavity 1S before inserting screw 19 therein. because i have discovered that the consistency ol the alloy used to form the body imrl'ion liof the plunger, P, is such. that l may, by Ytorcibly rotating screw 19 into the cavity cause it to form its own thread in the body portion 1 -1 of the plunger P.

The cap 3 is corrugated so as to render it stift and is formed by a blanking and a punch press operation and is placed on handle H before the ears 17 are formed and after the somewhat elliptical portion 2O of the handle is formed by a punch press bendingl operation so that the cap 3 being re- 'tainedl between the portion 2O of the handle l-l and the body portion 14 of the plunger P can never become lost or misplaced in use even if it is removed from the left hand end of body B.

Applicants faucet it is evident can be constructed throughout by the comparatively inexpensive operations of' casting and punch. presses thereby greatly reducing the cost of manufacture to such an extent that it is economically feasible to use the faucet as a means for emptying the contents of one container only and then discarding` it.

Fig. 1 shows applicants faucet in the closed position that is in the position in which the flow of iuid from bore 1 to bore 2 is restrained. 1n order to permit fluid to iiow from bore 1, to bore 2, the handle H is, in the preferable form, given one and one half turns, which entirely frees it from threads 13 and is then drawn to the left as viewed in Fig. 5. The pitch of threads 1B is suoli that the plunger may be quickly released from those threads, as stated, in the preferred form only one and one haltl turns of handle H being required, then the plunger may be instantly drawn to the position, as shown in Fig. 5. In this position the top of the threads of body portion 111e of plunger P just touch the internal surface of bore 2 and make a slight rubbing fit therewith so that the threads would act if necessaryl to prevent the flow of oil to cap 3 and around the edges thereof, but this function is seldom if ever necessarily operative, because` when the plunger P is drawn to the left as far as possible the cap 3 acts as a stop and the plunger is of such dimensions that when it is resting against cap 3, the right hand end ust clears the edge of orifice 9, best shown in Fig. 5, so that an unrestricted pa-th for fluid exists to and through orifice 9 and as orifice 9, as hereinbefore stated is at least equal in diameter to the right hand end of bore 1, even if' there is lthe slight head due to the level of the fluid in the container there will be no apprftciable tendency for fluid to collect in bore 2 and tend to flow out around threads 15 f/.nd cap 3.

In Fig. 6, applicant has shown one way of shipping the faucet in a container. F or the purpose of illustration, applicant has merely shown a conventional form of container 2l having heads as 22 and 23. lScrewed into head 22 in any suitable or apljiropriate inanner is a suspension plug 24;, rendered fiuid tight in any suitable or appropriate manner, as by flange 25 and gasket 26, and being 'formed in any appropriate or suitable manner rendering convenient the screwing in or out of the plug, such for instance as the hexagon periphery 27 or the square depression 28. rlhe plug 24 has depending therefrom a threaded stem 29, preferably formed integral therewith. This threaded stem just fits the threads 8 of the faucet. After the container' is lilled preferably through the orifice for receiving suspension plug 24;, the faucet is screwed onto the stein 29 and then the suspension plug is screwed into place. lt is obvious that the relation between the diameter of the orifice into which the suspension plug is screwed and the transverse dimensions of the faucet are such that this can be done. llllhen the container arrives at its destination, the suspension plug is removed, the faucet removed therefrom and the suspension plug then returned to place. Plug 30 is then removed and the faucet screwed into the threaded orihce formerly occupied by plug 30, so that the container will then appear as in Fig. 8, ready to be em tied of itsvcontents.

i lthough I have particularly described the construction of one physical embodiment of my faucet and several specific physical embodiments of its use in combination with a container, and explained the operation and principle thereof, nevertheless l desire to have it understood that the forni selected is merely illustrative, but does not exhaust the possible physical embodiments of the idea of means underlying my invention.

lWhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l. As a faucet body, the combination of a body formed hollow and open at both ends of a corrugated sheet metal cap formed with an orifice in its center attached to one end.

2. As a faucet body, the combination of a body formed hollow and open at both ends of a corrugated sheet metal cap having an orifice and positioned over one end and attached thereto by a bayonet joint.

3. As a faucet body, the combination of a body formed hollow, open at both ends and with integral pins adjacent one end, of a corrugated sheet metal cap having an orifice and formed with upturned edges formed with bayonet joint grooves positioned over the said end and attached thereto by the said pins and grooves. i

4;. As a faucet plunger, the combination of a cast valve closure body formed with a cavity and with a thread on its periphery, and faced at one end with a resilient material, a threaded screw rotatively forced into said cavity holding the said resilient material to said body and a handle formed of relatively still and high melting point inaterial compared 'to the material of said body about the end of which the body is cast.

ln a faucet, in combination; a body portion forn'ied with two longitudinal coinmunicating bores of ditierent diameter and concentric, and with a transverse ori lice opening into the bore of larger diameter olf a diameter at least equal to the bore of the smaller diameter; a shoulder at the junction of the two bores; a thread formed on the surface of the bore of larger diameter adjacent the shoulder and extending only as far as the near edge of the transverse orilice, the diameter at the root of the thread being not greater than the diameter of the bore of larger diameter; a plunger formed with an external thread engaging the thread of the bore of larger diameter and formed with a seat for abutting the shoulder; a handle at tached to the plunger, a cap attached to the end of the body at the terminatiini of the bore of larger diameter and formed with an orifice guiding the handle and through which the handle passes and against which cap the plunger may abut for limiting the inoveniient, the plunger being of such dimensions 'that when the plunger abuts the cap the orifice is completely uncovered and an external thread formed on the end of the body remote from the end to which the cap is attached.

6. ln a faucet, in combination; a body formed with a bore and a transverse orifice opening therein; a seat intermediate the ends of the bore; a plunger for abutting the seat; threads for a portion of the length of the bore adjacent the seat and extending only as far as the near edge of the trunsvrse orifice; a. cti-operating thread on the periphery of the plunger, the outside diameter o i' the said thread being not greater than the internal diameter of the bore; a handle attached to the plunger for causing a rotative movement thereof and a longitudinal movement thereof whereby when the thread ol the bore and the thread of the plunger are engaged a rotative movement will be in1- parted causing a relatively slow longitudinal movement of the plunger and when the threads are disengaged the plunger is adapted to have a relatively fast longitudh nal movement imparted thereto and means for limiting the longitiulinal inorcnicnt ol the plunger whereby the transwfrse orilice is completely uncovered only .vhcn lhc plnn ger has beenv liniilcd by thc said menus.

lllll lofi 

